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Belgian Amiga Club - ADF Collection
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BS1 part 27
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WorldAtlas2_d2.adf
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TEXTA
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73
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1990-04-02
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The Hebrews arrived to what is present day Israel in about the
2nd millennium BC. Judaism was developed and fostered under King
David and his successors from 1000 BC to 597 BC. After repeated
foreign invasions, a Jewish kingdom was revived in 168 BC. In
the next century, Rome took control and in 135 AD renamed the
land Judea Palestine after the Philistines who inhabited the
costal areas. Moslem Arabs conquered Jerusalem and Palestine in 636.
The Christian crusaders occupied Jerusalem and killed most of its Muslim
inhabitants but were defeated later by Salahuddin's Moslem army. Palestine's
population of Christians, Jews and Moslem majority co-existed peacefully
until Palestine was occupied in 1917 when the British defeated the Ottoman's. In
the same year, the Balfour Declaration pledged to support a
Jewish homeland in the territory. In 1920 a British-Palestinian
Mandate was recognized and the land east of the Jordan River was
detached. During the 1930s heavy Jewish immigration occurred.
Violence predominated in 1920, 1921, 1929 and 1936 between the newcoming
Jews and the Arab population. The United Nations voted to partition the land
into a Jewish and Palestinian state in May 1948 after the newcoming Jews
gained military control over most of Palestine. The British
withdrew and Israel was declared an independent state on May 14,
1948. The Arab nations refused to recognize the legetimacy of the new
state of Israel and tried to overthrow it by force.
The Arabs were unable to defeat Israel and continued economic
boycotts. Israel invaded Egypt's Sinai on October 29, 1956 until
a truce was established on November 6th. On May 19, 1967 Egypt
demanded the removal of United Nations peace keeping forces and
reoccupied the Gaza Strip and closed the Gulf of Aqaba to Israeli
shipping. In the 6-day war that started on June 5 the Israeli's
took the Gaza Strip, occupied the Sinai to the Suez Canal and
captured Old Jerusalem, Syria's Golan Heights and Jordan's West
Bank. Egypt and Syria attacked Israel on October 6, 1973, during
Yom Kippur, the most holy day in Israel. The Arabs were
supported with massive Soviet airlifts and the United States
countered with immediate airlifts of its own to Israel. Israel
recaptured the entire Sinai and the Suez Canal. The Israelis
armed and supplied Christian forces in Lebanon from 1975 to 76.
On March 26,1979 Egypt and Israel signed a peace treaty ending over 30 years
of violence and war. Israel invaded southern Lebanon in March
1978. June 7, 1981, Israel airplanes destroy an Iraqi atomic
reactor near Baghdad. June 6, 1982, Israel mounts a full scale
invasion of Lebanon to rout the PLO (Palestinian Liberation
Organization) and occupied for a while Beirut the capital. In June 1986,
the Israeli army withdrew to a security zone surrounding its frontier
after suffering losses from the Lebanese people's resistance. In 1987,
the Arab Palestinians living under Israeli occupation began an uprising
against the Israeli military rule which violates their basic human rights.
The violent reprisals by Israeli soldiers against unarmed stone throwing
civilians and the killings of women and children has changed the perception
of Israel as a democratic state in the eyes of the international community.
@